New Study Warns: Wood Burning at Home Speeds Lung Decline
A new study warns of the harmful effects of wood burning at home. The research, led by Dr. Laura Horsfall, shows that using solid fuels for heating can lead to a faster decline in lung function. This is concerning as the use of wood as a heating source has increased in recent years, driven by its promotion as a renewable energy source and high fossil fuel prices.
Wood burning at home emits harmful air pollution both indoors and outdoors, including known carcinogens. Particulate matter from wood stoves appears to damage respiratory tissues in a way similar to cigarette smoke, causing inflammation and increasing long-term health risks. The study found that lung function declined faster among solid fuel users, even after adjusting for socioeconomic and housing factors. Annual emissions from domestic wood burning have nearly doubled from 3,200 tonnes in 2009 to 6,000 tonnes in 2023. Lower forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) values are linked to higher risks of conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In the UK, domestic solid fuel now contributes about 20% of harmful PM2.5 emissions, compared with 4% from road traffic.
Researchers at UCL plan to study whether living in areas with high densities of wood stoves is associated with greater use of inhalers or higher hospital admissions for lung problems.
The study highlights the need for increased awareness of the health impacts of wood burning. As wood use for heating continues to rise, so do the potential health risks. Further research is planned to better understand the local effects of wood stove use on lung health.
