Can eczema be passed from person to person? covers various types of eczema, their treatments, and answers to frequently asked questions
Eczema, a common skin condition characterized by itchy and dry skin, can lead to several secondary infections. These infections can intensify eczema symptoms and lead to complications such as weeping eczema with pus formation.
Among the most common secondary bacterial infections is impetigo, caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). This infection is frequent, especially when eczema sores are scratched open, allowing bacteria to enter and cause itchy blisters often around the mouth or nose. Fungal infections, such as those caused by Candida species, can also complicate eczema by worsening the skin condition. Viral infections most notably include eczema herpeticum, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), which can produce widespread blisters and swollen lymph nodes, often affecting children or infants with eczema and spreading through skin-to-skin contact.
The risk of these infections arises because eczema disrupts the skin barrier, making it easier for pathogens to penetrate. Scratching exacerbates this risk by breaking the skin. Prompt treatment of infections often requires antibiotics for bacteria and antiviral therapy for viral infections.
To prevent and reduce eczema flares, it is recommended to take a bath in lukewarm water, use a gentle cleanser, avoid harsh scrubbing, avoid rubbing the skin with a towel, apply moisturizer or topical medication according to a doctor's advice, avoid exposure to allergens or irritants, avoid scratching the skin, manage stress, and avoid certain fabrics.
It is important to note that eczema is not contagious, but it can make the skin vulnerable to other serious bacterial and viral infections. People with serious cases of eczema may be more susceptible to other infections such as allergic rhinitis and asthma.
Treatment options for eczema vary based on the type and severity of the condition. Antihistamines, emollients, topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, and wet wrap therapy are some of the available treatment methods. However, there is currently no cure for eczema.
It is crucial for individuals with eczema to speak with a healthcare professional to determine the most effective treatment for their condition. Secondary infections caused by eczema, such as eczema herpeticum, eczema coxsackium, eczema vaccinatum, bacterial Streptococcus or Staphylococcus infections, can be contagious. Therefore, prompt treatment is essential to prevent the spread of these infections.
Environmental, genetic, and socioeconomic factors can contribute to the development of eczema. Atopic dermatitis, a common type of eczema that primarily affects children under 6 years old, is one such example. Several irritants, allergens, foods, and fabrics may lead to eczema flare-ups, but the exact causes of eczema are still unclear.
In conclusion, while eczema is a common skin condition, it can lead to serious complications if left untreated. By understanding the common secondary infections associated with eczema and following preventive measures, individuals can manage their condition more effectively and reduce the risk of complications.
- Scratching can moderate the risk of bacterial and viral infections in those with eczema by breaking the skin, making it easier for pathogens to establish themselves.
- Persons with severe eczema may be more susceptible to other medical conditions such as allergic rhinitis or asthma.
- Science has provided various treatment options for eczema, with treatment methods ranging from antihistamines to phototherapy, depending on the type and severity of the condition.
- Mild health-and-wellness practices, like taking a bath in warm water and using a gentle cleanser, can help treaters of eczema reduce flares.
- Eczema herpeticum, a viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), can lead to widespread blisters and swollen lymph nodes, particularly in children or infants with eczema, and can be contagious through skin-to-skin contact.
- Skin-care products with harsh ingredients or fabrics can exacerbate eczema symptoms by causing irritation or allergic reactions, making it important for individuals with eczema to avoid them.
